Sunday, June 12, 2011

10 things guys wish girls knew - Shocking!

It's fun to talk about boys. Boys with gorgeous eyes, groovy hair, cute smiles and ripped stomach muscles, Aww, yeah! But what do they say when they talk about you?

In hopes of helping girls better understand the PS2 gender--without reverting to that tired, old "inside a guy's mind" cliche--we surveyed 150 guys about a way worthy topic: you! What do guys wish you knew? We asked dozens of boys, from the oh-so sweet geeks to the campus gods, what exactly do they want you to be down with when it comes to boy-girl relations. The next few pages are full of surprising stuff most of the dudes in our survey agree on and want to share with you. We'll be waiting for you to voice your opinions regarding these boy-isms at www.girlslife.com, so feel free to take notes.

1 - Calling you on the phone does not mean what you think it means.

"Please, tell me why a girl thinks calling her equals I want her to be my girlfriend," says Mikey. Blunt, but we like blunt. Mikey is in the majority when it comes to romancing the phone. Nearly every guy we talked to says he feels tons of pressure from girls when it comes to the telephone. "It's like calling a girl means I'm admitting I like her, but that's not what's up," explains Mikey. "It's more like I'm calling because I might like her. I hate calling because the next day the girl acts like she owns me. Or, if she's shy, suddenly she can barely talk to me because she's scared. It's stupid."

Knowledge is power You know you're hung up on the phone if, when a guy calls, you think you have some kind of romantic upper hand. "I'm just calling because you're cute or nice or whatever," says Jordan. "If you treat me like I'm a dog just because I think you're cool enough to dial up, then you're a b-word." In other words, for a guy, it's just a phone call, not a confession of undying love. Hel-lo?

2 - You are much prettier without all that makeup.

Judging from our survey, boys can't stand makeup. In fact, it seems they can't complain about it enough. Sure, they all like pretty girls, but they also have a problem with a face that looks full-on painted. And what looks painted to a guy is far less than what you might think.

"Why do girls think they need to have so much crap on their faces?" asks Billy. "Girls at my school wear all this black crap on their eyes, and their lips are, like, thick with brown goop. It's ugly. Do they really think that will get them a guy?"

Don't think we didn't set Billy straight about one thing: Not all girls apply makeup to "get them a guy." Still, it's true that lots of girls get all dolled up so they'll be attractive to the opposite sex. But the makeup thing... It's more fun than anything. Right, girls?

Knowledge is power The hated for cosmetics is no joke. One dude even tided his survey "Rodeo Clowns." Could natural-looking makeup be the best date makeup? If being hot to guys is your goal, remember that. Otherwise, it's your choice if you want to apply enough purple mascara to impair your vision. Go for it.

3 - When you act spazzy and giggly, ifs seriously embarrassing.

"What is up with girls hopping up and down when they're happy about something?" asks Pete. "A girl definitely invented the word 'yay!' because no guy I know has ever used it." Are you guilty of doing the Gily Woo-hoo! dance? It's a combo of baby claps and bobbing on your toes while emitting high-pitched squeals of delight. This all in reaction to, say, seeing the slide projector set up upon entering French class.

What's the big deal? "I really do want to know why are girls so excited about normal stuff," says Pete. "Every other thing, it's like, 'Ohmigosh! No way!"'

Knowledge is power Colin, a self-described shy boy, has something interesting to say: "I think girls like attention, and being excited about something makes people look and wonder what she's so happy about." Good theory.

Arnie, a jokester, has a theory of his own: "I think girls are just different. You're raised to let your feelings out, even if they're bad. I've never seen a guy friend cry, but I've seen a chick fall apart because some dude she liked didn't pick her for his volleyball team in phys ed. That's dumb."

We're not here to tell you how to act. Just tuck it in the back of your mind that all the boys we surveyed agree that girls could mellow out a little. Let's have a round of baby-claps for that, please.

4 - Gossiping, whispering and writing notes makes y on look beyond shallow.

"Girls are always passing notes around in class, and it's just so friggin' dumb," says Joey. "Or they'll look right at me, then whisper to each other and laugh. Do they want me to think they're talking about me? 'Cause I do. And if it's really true and they are talking about me, then that's just lame."

Rude is the word, actually, Joey. Whispering, especially with the cupped hand at your girl's ear, is just so third grade. And gossip? "When I hear one girl talk trash about another girl, it's like I can't believe it," says Dominick, "like I'm in a bad movie about how mean girls are. If I heard my friends were talking about me like that, I'd transfer schools."

Knowledge is power People talk about other people. That's life. But there is a big difference between gossip and character assassinations. Not to mention, it's bad form to let anyone believe you're saying negative things about him. So, sorry to get all motherly on you, but if you absolutely must exchange information, be cool about the notes and discreet about the whispering. Oh, and do be sure that the "information" isn't going to hurt someone's feelings, OK?

5 - Boys worry about what you think of their hair, skin, weight and clothes.

"My best friend is a girl, and the other day she said my hair looks exactly the same every single day," says Luis. "I couldn't believe it because some days my hair is jacked up." For the record, Luis is a cutie with great hair.

A recent nationally televised newsmagazine show had a big story about how men are the new vanity victims, and how they stress on their looks as much or more than women. But, if a guy suffers vanity, he doesn't talk about it--at least, not to girls and not as much as girls.

What we know: Guys totally think about their appearance even if they don't say it out loud. "I bad to ask my mom to take me to the dermatologist because I was breaking out on my cheeks and back," says Jay. "I couldn't stand it."

His friend Robert has a different issue: "Girls like guys with good bodies but, when I try to get six-pack abs, it never works. I just feel like I have a spare tire all the time."

Knowledge is power If you could get a view of Robert, you would tell him what we told him: He's out of his mind--the boy is a total babe! But here he is trippin' on his gut. Moral of the story? Boys have self-image issues, too. Isn't it a relief to know that?

6 - PMS is no excuse to he mean.

"I know girls get weird at 'that time of the month,' but I don't get why they have to act like I'm their worst enemy," confides Sean. "Sometimes, my sister acts like she wishes I were dead because I won't give her the remote control, but all that's going on is she's PMSing. Screaming at me and freaking out on me isn't right."

We know what you're thinking: Boys just don't understand what it feels like to wake up with serious cramps and have to get up from that warm bed at 6 a.m. to put on tight jeans over a bloated belly so you can go do fractionals in homeroom. So, yeah, we feel your pain--and we really mean feel it. But that's the point: Boys don't.

Knowledge is power So, you're pained? Look, face it--the hormones that go with menstruating affect moods and, yeah, sometimes make a girl mean as a hungry dog. But barking at a boy because you don't feel well? Just deal the best you can by taking care of yourself. This includes not totally indulging in caffeine, sugar or greasy foods--all three aggravate physical and emotional symptoms. Get plenty of sleep, drink loads of water, and take lots of warm baths--yes, even in the afternoon when you get home from school. Soaking in bubbles while daydreaming is an on-your-period girl's best friends. We're not saying you should become a menstrual recluse just because you're wearing a maxi-pad. But sometimes maybe it is better to bow out of a social opp if you're really not up to it. What's the point of going to the party if you're not gonna have a good time? Oh, and if you do snap at your boy for no other reason than those nasty hormonal intrusions, a short, simple apology ("Sorry--I was in a bad state of mind yesterday") could go a long way. No lengthy, drawn-out explanations necessary. He'll never fully understand, so don't even try.

7- Talking about your "big" butt is so boring.

"If there's one thing I can't stand, it's when a girl asks me if she looks fat," says Stephen. "For one thing, I don't know if you're fat. For another thing, shut up." Ooh, Stephen is feisty, but a lot of the boys echo his sentiment.

Boys do not want to listen to a girl's insecurities about her body. True, some guys have issues with what a girl weighs, but they all have different tastes when it comes to the feminine physique. Some guys like booties like Jennifer Lopez's. Other guys like their girls thin as a fence post. Who cares? You are what you are, so talking about your body is about as interesting as studying the Dead Sea.

Knowledge is power Whether you're questioning a guy friend for his honest opinion or fishing for a compliment from a guy you like, asking about your body is a no-win situation. You're just putting the guy on the spot. And, guess what--if a boy likes you, he likes you for the way you are right now, this second. A shy boy named Paul says it awesome; "Girls' bodies are an endless mystery to me. I think you're all beautiful." Ah.

8 - Tight clothes look uncomfortable, cheap, and sort of desperate and insecure.

"My sister complains that boys always stare at her boobs, but she wears tight shirts that totally show off her boobs," says Chad. "I'm confused."

Chad, nice boy, you should be confused. Fashion is stupid. If MTV execs dressed the world, the official girl wardrobe would be a tireless supply of all-occasion bikini tops, mini skirts and thongs. But the too-much-skin fashions can be, well, bimbo.

"I like the way my last girlfriend dressed," says Miguel. "She wore some stuff that showed off her great athletic body, but it wasn't like all hanging Out. Sometimes she wore baggy pants and just a little of her belly showed. Or sometimes, if she wore those tight jeans girls always wear, she wouldn't have her boobs all out."

In other words, Miguel's ex struck a balance between teen fashion's obsession with skimpiness and some actual good taste. Just a peek of a shoulder exposed in a side-cut shirt can be fabulously glamorous. You can take your best assets and display them gracefully. You have s great, flat belly? Then, if you must share it with the world, wear a midriff paired with a full-length denim skirt. Want to show off those great legs? Go with the mini skirt, but save the midriff fox another day.

Knowledge is power "I think girls gel mixed up because of how people dress on TV," says Matthew. "Showing a lot of skin in super-tight clothes just says to everyone, 'Please look at me!' If you need to wear those kinds of clothes, you're obviously not confident."

If you find Christina Aguilera garb cute, just know that popstars have lots of perks--one of which is wearing costumes. However "street" they look, these duds are designed for performing. If you copy Christina's skin-tillating take on everyday clothes, you give off a very definite vibe that's all about exposure and "look at my bod" exhibitionism. Is that really what you want? Think of it this way: If you overheard a boy say about you, "I want to go out with her because she has great cleavage and I can see part of her butt every day in her short shorts," would you be offended or flattered? Hint: Be offended!

9 - Most boys are looking for the right girl.

Daniel puts it so eloquently: "I would love to find a girl who's cool and doesn't act like such a girl." We're not sure what acting like a girl leans, but it could have something to do with much of what's been addressed right here in this article.

Whatever his logic, Daniel is not the only boy looking for a girl to like! Don't believe it? "I'm sick of everyone acting like boys aren't as mature as girls," says D.B. "It's just that we also think about other stuff. If it happens, it happens, but I'm not going to talk to my friends on the phone about girls every day."

D.B.'s friend Raymond has another, um, interesting point: "So many girls at my school are hot, but me and my friends just wait for them to figure out who they want because that's what girls seem to do at my school. It's like they're all spazzed out about finding a boyfriend all the time. We just have to wait and see who they act dumb around because that means she likes you." Wanna slap Ray? Take a number. Knowledge is power One thing that is abundantly clear is that boys think girls are way too into finding a BF. As Eric says, "Do girls want any guy or the right guy?" Sending signals is good because some boys are shy just as some girls are shy. But check to see if you and your girls are overdoing it. Do you constantly discuss guys? Is who-likes-who the topic du jour, every jour? If so, pull back a bit, at least around the guys. This way they'll be able to see what's really important to you: makeup (kidding!).

10 - If you like him, just tell him.

There was one major statement that kept popping up on our surveys: "Girls should not flirt and act like they like me, and then later ignore me." Maybe the flirting thing is to girls what the phone is to boys: You're just flirting to feel him out, and it doesn't have to mean anything heavy. We get that.

But for guys, if you're smiling and being nice to him, well, then you want him for a boyfriend. At least, that's how many of the surveyed boys see it. "There is a big difference between just being cool and flirting," says James. "I can tell if a girl is just talking to me or if she likes me." Maybe. or Maybe not..

By that logic, when you want to make friends with a boy, striking up a random convo could be misinterpreted as major flirting. So what is the safe middle ground? "If you like me, just tell me. If you don't, say you're not into me like that," says Ray.

Knowledge is power OK, just telling a guy you like him isn't as easy as it sounds. But all the guys agreed on this one, which means it should work. Courage to be honest? You can do it.

Saturday, February 12, 2011

9 Things Women Love About Men

1. Their bodies.

Yep, we said it. Even the scrawny hipster-types have biceps that make us swoon. Their hands are almost always bigger than ours. No matter what size a guy is, he can always make us feel small and delicate. And what's with those beautiful, provocative veins guys have on their arms? And facial hair! Sure, it gets scratchy, but it looks so darn sexy.

2. Their secret sensitive side.

When a guy cries in front of you, it can feel as if you've won the emotional lottery. Tears are a sign of extreme intimacy, and the fact that he's let down his guard probably means that he cares about you deeply and trusts you. We also love it when we catch our man staring at us with what can only be described as "tenderness." And when he pulls us close for a quick hug, or kisses the top of our heads, our hearts just melt.

3. Their scent.

Their body wash. Their aftershave. Their (subtly-spritzed-on) cologne. Their natural, musky fragrance. All of it combines to create a perfume we can't help wanting to envelop ourselves in

4. Their brains.

It's been scientifically proven that the male brain is different from the female brain. We're not sure if that's what makes them enjoy wedgies, football and Star Wars or not. Either way, their essential "maleness," and their appreciation for our "femaleness" makes us feel pretty special about being women—and that is awesome

5.Their sense of humor.

We love that they charm us with jokes, think bodily functions are funny (we sometimes do, too) and make us laugh at our shortcomings and not take ourselves too seriously.

6.Their natural protectiveness.

It makes us smile when they walk on the outside, nearest to the traffic, extend a hand to help us up a steep incline or worry that we're going to get kidnapped. Because, even if we can totally protect ourselves because we've followed a strict
routine of kick-boxing and belly dancing, it's nice to feel taken care of.

7. Their clothes.

Especially that giant, fuzzy sweater with navy blue stripes that's lined with fleece and that goes down to our knees and that—what? You can't find your sweater? Um…don't look at me.

8.Their dependability.

Call it boring and predictable, but it's good to be with someone whose behavior is (at least most of the time) guided by logic and common sense rather than emotions. While it can be infuriating when he manages to maintain a completely calm demeanor in the face of our most melodramatic of meltdowns (don't you understand!?), it can also make us feel more secure.

9. Their undying passion for us…even when we're wearing granny panties.

In a world that values appearance over so many other traits, it's nice to know that men desire us even when we're wearing decidedly unsexy pajamas, haven't shaved our legs in a week and have an emerging zit in the center of our foreheads. After all, they're not so perfect themselves, and we still love them. When it comes down to it, we're not so different after all

Unemployment - a curse.

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f'kf{kr csjkstxkj ,sls Jfed gSa] ftudks f'kf{kr djus ds fy, lalk/ku miyC/k djk, tkrs gSa rFkk mudh dk;Zdq'kyrk ¼{kerk½ Hkh vU; Jfedksa ls vf/kd gksrh gS] fdUrq mudks viuh ;ksX;rkuqlkj dk;Z ugha feyrk RkFkk os csjkstxkjh ls xzflr gks tkrs gSa] orZeku esa ns”k ds lkeus f'kf{kr csjkstxkjh dh leL;k cgqr xEHkhj leL;k cuh gqbZ gSA f'k{kk O;oLFkk esa lq/kkj ds dkj.k vf'kf{kr yksxksa dks lk{kj vFkok f'kf{kr djus dk vfHk;ku py jgk gSA bu f'kf{kr O;fDr;ksa dks mudh f'k{kk ds vuq:i dk;Z ugha fey ik jgk gS vkSj f'kf{kr csjkstxkjksa dh iafDr cgqr yEch gks xbZ gSA
¼6½ ?k"kZ.kkRed csjkstxkjh
Ckktkj dh n’kkvksa esa ifjorZu ¼eakx ,oa iwfrZ dh “kfDr;ksa esa ifjorZu½ gksus ls mRiUu csjkstxkjh dks ?k"kZ.kkRed csjkstxkjh dgrs gSaA O;kikj esa dHkh rsth vkSj eUnh vkrh gSA ;g izfdz;k dqN fuf'pr vof/k ij fdz;k'khy gksrh gSSA rsth ds ckn tc eUnh vkrh gS rks dhersa fxjus yxrh gSa vkSj mRiknu esa deh vk tkrh gS rFkk etnwjksa dh NVuh 'kq: gks tkrh gSA bl izdkj dh csjkstxkjh dks ?k"kZ.kkRed vFkok pfdz; csjkstxkjh dgk tkrk gSA gekjs ns”k esa d`f"k ,d eq[; O;olk; gS] ns”k dh d`f"k vf/kdkaa'kr% izd`fr ij fuHkZj djrh gS] vr% blh izdkj cktkj dh ek¡x ns”k esa miyC/k lk/kuksa ij fuHkZj djrh gSA budh miyC/krk esa ifjorZu gks tkus ij eakx i{k izHkkfor gksrk gSA ;fn O;kikj pdz ds izHkkoksa dks fu'Qy fd;k tk lds rks bl izdkj dh csjkstxkjh ls cpk tk ldrk gSA
¼7½ ekSleh csjkstxkjh
d`f"k rFkk dfri; vU; m|ksxksa esa dk;Zjr Jfedksa dh eakx ekSleh gksrh gSA bl le; ds vfrfjDr Jfedksa dkss dqN le; dke ugha jgrk vkSj os FkksM+s le; ds fy, csjkstxkj jgrs gSaA bl izdkj dh csjkstxkjh tks fdlh ekSle fo'ks"k esa ikbZ tkrh gS] ekSleh csjkstxkjh dgykrh gSA blds vUrxZr fdlh fo'ks"k ekSle ;k vof/k esa izfro"kZ mRiUu gksus okyh csjkstxkjh dks lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gSA Hkkjr esa d`f"k esa lkekU;r% 7&8 ekg gh dke pyrk gS RkFkk 'ks"k eghuksa esa [ksrh esa yxs O;fDr;ksa dks csdkj cSBuk iM+rk gSA
¼8½ 'kgjh csjkstxkjh
tc dksbZ O;fDr dk;Z djuk pkgrk gS ijUrq mldks dk;Z dk volj ugha izkIr ugha gksrk rks bl fLFkfr dks [kqyh csjkstxkjh dgk tkrk gSA 'kgjh {ks=ksa esa izk;% [kqys fdLe dh csjkstxkjh ik;h tkrh gS blfy, bls 'kgjh csjkstxkjh Hkh dgk tkrk gSA blesa vkS|ksfxd csjkstxkjh rFkk f'kf{kr csjkstxkjh dks lfEefyr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
¼9½ xzkeh.k csjkstxkjh
bls d`f"kxr csjkstxkjh Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA Hkkjr esa xzkeh.k csjkstxkjh ,d izeq[k leL;k cuh gqbZ gSA bl izdkj dh csjkstxkjh ds lgh vkadM+s Hkh miyC/k gSaA
3-2 csjkstxkjh ds dkj.k
yxHkx 200 o"kksZa ds 'kklu ds nkSjku vaxzstksa us bl ns”k dks fofHkUu Lrjksa ij bl izdkj ywVk&[klksVk fd ;g¡k dh vFkZO;oLFkk ttZj gks x;h A Hkkjr esa vaxzsth uhfr dk nksgjk mn~ns'; Fkk& ,d rks yxkrkj vkenuh izkIr gksrh jgs vkSj nwljs vaxzsth lÙkk etcwr gksrh tk,A blh Ja[kyk esa dEiuh }kjk uokcksa dks cnyuk vkSj muls /ku dh olwyh djuk 'kkfey FkkA felky ds rkSj ij dEiuh us 1757&1765 ds chp caxky esa dbZ uokc cnys vkSj lgk;rk ds ,ot esa yxHkx 60 yk[kikSaM olwy fd,A blds vfrfjDr ftl le; Hkkjr esa Hkkjrh; iw¡thifr oxZ dk mn; gks jgk Fkk] mlh le; vaxzstksa dh iz'kklukRed dk;Zokfg;ksa us bl izfdz;k dks jksd fn;kA blls igys fd Hkkjrh; iw¡thifr oxZ dksbZ :ikUrj.k ykrk fd vaxzsth iw¡thifr oxZ us ns”k ij Lo;a viuk izHkqRo tek fy;kA vr% Hkkjrh; vFkZra= dk fodkl vo:) gks x;kA bl izdkj Hkkjr dk 'kks"k.k dbZ :iksa esa gqvkA
¼1½ O;kikfjd iw¡th ds :i esa 'kks"k.k
Hkkjr esa dEiuh O;kikj ds uke ij ywV dj jgh Fkh ftldh f'kdk;r caxky ds uokc ehj tkQj us dh FkhA vaxzst xoZuj fe0 osjsYlV us Lo;a fy[kk fd O;kikj ds flyflys esa cgqr izdkj ds tqYe fd, tkrs FksA vaxzst ,ts.V iztk dks gh nq%[k igq¡pkus ls larq"V jgdj ljdkj ds vf/kdkjksa dks Hkh iSjksa rys dqpyrs FksA caxky ds uokc us ebZ 1762 esa vaxzst xouZj ds uke ,d i= fy[kk Fkk ftlesa bl ckr dk ftdz Fkk fd ** dEiuh ds uqekbUns gj ijxuk] xk¡o] dkj[kkus esa ued] lqikjh] ?kh] pkoy] eakl] eNyh] VkV] vnjd] rEckdw] vQhe] vkfn dk [kjhnuk cspuk tkjh j[krs gSaA os tcjnLrh jS¸;rksa] lkSnkxjksa vkfn ls pkSFkkbZ nke ij eky gfFk;k ysrs gSa blds lkFk gh jS¸;r ds lkFk tcjnLrh ,oa vR;kpkj djds 1 :i, ds LFkku ij 5 :Ik, olwy djrs gSa**A Hkkjr esa dEiuh dk ewy mÌs'; Hkh ogh Fkk tks O;ikfjd iw¡th dh btkjsnkjh dEifu;ksa dk gksrk gS vFkkZr~ ,dkf/kdkj dk;e djds ykHk dekukA ,d vaxzst O;kikjh fofy;e cksYVl us 1772 esa izdkf'kr daflMjs'ku vkWu bafM;u vQs;lZ esa o.kZu fd;k Fkk fd O;kikj ds uker ij O;kikj de ,oa ywV T;knk FkhA
nwljs dEiuh dks 1765 esa tc nhokuh feyus ds lkFk ekyxqtkjh olwyus dk Hkh vf/kdkj feyk rks O;kikfjd ykHk ds vykok vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k dk ,d vkSj u;k rjhdk fey x;k ftldk {ks= dkQh foLr`r FkkA fQj D;k Fkk] dEiuh us bl {ks= esa ywVikV 'kq: dj nhA 1858 esa gkml vkWQ dkWeUl esa ,d c;ku fn;k x;k ftlesa ;g dgk x;k Fkk fd bl /kjrh ij vkt rd dksbZ Hkh lH; ljdkj bruh Hkz"V bruh fo'okl?kkrh vkSj bruh yqVsjh ugha ik;h x;h ftruh 1765 ls 1784 rd dh bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh dh ljdkj FkhA dEiuh us vius igys N% o"kksZa esa izkIr ekyxqtkjh ls 40 yk[k 37 gtkj ikS.M baXyS.M Hksts Fks tks fd dqy jktLo dk ,d frgkbZ FkkA ykWMZ Dykbo us 1765 esa dEiuh ds Mk;jsDVjksa dks ,d i= fy[kk Fkk tks iw.kZr;k O;kkfjd i= Fkk ftlesa fdlh O;kikj dk ys[kk&tks[kk ntZ gksA dEiuh }kjk Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k dk vUnkt+k fczfV'k laln lnL; fofy;e QqYyZVu ds c;ku ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS tks 1787 esa fn;k FkkA muds vuqlkj] ^^ fczfV'k d'kklu us vYifof/k esa gh Hkkjrh; xk¡oksa ds vusd fgLlksa dks catj dk :Ik ns fn;kA [ksrksa esa [ksrh ugha dh tkrh] cM+s bykdksa esa >kfM+;k¡ mxh iM+h gSa] fdlku yqV pqds gSa] vkS|ksfxd fuekZrkvksa dk neu fd;k tk pqdk gS dbZ ckj vdky iM+s gSa vkSj QyLo:Ik tula[;k dk àkl gqvk gSA lu~ 1789 esa ykWMZ dkuZokfyl us Lo;a dgk fd eSa nkos ds lkFk ;g Lohdkj djrk gw¡ fd Hkkjr esa dEiuh 'kkflr {ks= dk ,d frgkbZ Hkkx taxy esa ifjofrZr gks x;k gS tgk¡ dsoy taxyh cl jgs gSaA bl izdkj O;kikfjd dEiuh ds ek/;e ls Hkkjrh; O;kikj ,oa d`f"k {ks= dk 'kks"k.k fd;k x;kA
¼2½ vkS|ksfxd iw¡th ds :i esa 'kks"k.k
;fn fczfVu dh vkS|ksfxd dzkfUr dk okLrfod bfrgkl ns[kk tk, rks fu'p; gh dgk tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjrh; iw¡th dh ywV ls baXyS.M ds vkS|ksfxd fodkl dh vk/kkjf'kyk fufeZr gh ugha dh x;h] cfYd mls xfr Hkh iznku dh x;hA vaxzstksa us Hkkjr dks dPps eky dh vkiwfrZ dk Jksr cuk;k vkSj uhph dherksa ij dPpk eky Hkkjr ls baXyS.M tkus yxk rFkk baXyS.M ls rS;kj eky Å¡ph dherksa ij Hkkjrh; cktkj esa fcdus yxkA bldk ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd ,d vksj rks Hkkjrh; m|ksxksa dk iru vkSj nwljh vksj fczfV'k m|ksxksa dk fodkl gksrk x;kA bl izdkj fczVsu ds m|ksxksa }kjk fufeZr eky Hkkjrh; cktkjksa esa Å¡ph dherksa ij fodz; ls foiqy ek=k esa /kujkf'k fczVsu tkus yxh ftlus ogk¡ ds vkS|ksfxd fodkl dks vkSj vf/kd xfr iznku dhA bl dM+h esa vaxzstksa us mUeqDr O;kikj dh ,drjQk uhfr viuk;h ftlds rgr baXyS.M esa Hkkjr ls lwrh oL= vk;kr ij vf/kd 'kqYd yxk;k x;k vkSj blds foijhr baXyS.M ls Hkkjr esa vk;kr ij dksbZ dj ugha yxk;k x;kA ekDlZ us Li"V dgk fd baXyS.M dh iw¡th mifuos'kksa dh ywV Fkh vkSj 18oha lnh esa baXyS.M esa vpkud cM+s iSekus ij tks iw¡th ,d= gqbZ] og vf/kdka’kr% Hkkjr dh ywV ls bdV~Bk gqbZ FkhA
Hkkjrh; m|ksxksa dk Hkkjr esa fodkl gks] okLro :i ls vaxzst blds fojks/k esa FksA blhfy, Hkkjr esa mUgksus m|ksxksa dk fodkl fd;k x;k tks HkkSxksfyd n`f"V ls vko';d Fkk] ;Fkk& twV] dgok] pk; ckxku ,oa uhy m|ksxA bu m|ksxksa dh LFkkiuk ,oa fodkl ls vaxzstksa us cgqr vf/kd ykHk dek;kA blds vfrfjDr jktLo ,oa ljdkjh O;; ds :i esa Hkh Hkkjr dk vR;f/kd 'kks"k.k fd;k x;kA lsuk ds j[k&j[kko ,oa vU; izfrj{kk lEcU/kh [kpksZa dk tks Hkkj Fkk] og Hkkjr dks gh pqdkuk iM+rk Fkk] ;|fi mldk Hkkjrh; i'’kklu ls dksbZ lEcU/k ugha FkkA fczfV'k lSfud ,oa vlSfud deZpkfj;ksa ds osru] HkŸks vkSj vuqnku dk Hkkjrh; foŸk&O;oLFkk ij ,d cM+k cks> FkkA bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh }kjk viuk;h x;h ;g uhfr ifjofrZr lezkV&'kklu ds v/khu Hkh pyrh FkhA
¼3½ foŸkh; iw¡th ds :i esa 'kks"k.k
lkeUrh oxZ dk vkS|ksfxd iw¡thifr oxZ esa :ikUrj.k eq[;r% fczfV'k iw¡thokn dh vko';drkvksa rFkk fgrksa ds vk/kkj ij gqvkA Hkkjr esa fczfV'k egktuh iw¡th dk iz;ksx mUuhloha lnh esa vkS|ksfxd iw¡th ds 'kks"k.k ds lkFk gh izkjEHk gqvkA mUuhloha 'krkCnh esa vkS|ksfxd iw¡th ftrus rjhdksa ls 'kks"k.k djrh Fkh] mudks lekIr u djds mUgsa ifjofrZr :i esa viuk;k x;k FkkA Lora= O;kikj ij vk/kkfjr vkS|ksfxd iw¡thokn dh vko';drkvksa us vaxzstksa dks bl ckr ij etcwj fd;k fd os Hkkjr esa viuh uhfr esa dqN ifjorZu djsaA bl Ja[kyk esa ifjogu ,oa ;krk;kr ds lk/kuksa dk fodkl rFkk ;wjksi dh rjg cSafdax O;oLFkk 'kq: dh tk,A ijUrq bldk mís'; turk dk fgr u gksdj fczVsu dh O;kikfjd vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ djuk FkkA bl lanHkZ esa ykWMZ MygkSth us fVIIk.kh dh Fkh fd cM+s iSekus ij jsy&O;oLFkk ds fuekZ.k dks izksRlkgu fn;k tk,A mudk dguk Fkk fd fczfV'k eky ds fy, Hkkjr dks cktkj ds :i esa etcwr djuk cgqr t:jh gSA
dgus dks jsyksa ds fuekZ.k ,oa fodkl esa fczfV'k iw¡th ds fuos'k dh 'kq:vkr dh x;h Fkh ftls fczfV'k iw¡th ds uke ls tks fuo'k fd;k x;k] og Hkkjrh; iw¡th gh Fkh] u fd fczfV'kA Hkkjr ls fczVsu dks Hkstk x;k utjkuk fczVsu }kjk Hkkjr esa fuosf'kr iw¡th ls dbZ xquk vf/kd FkkA bl izdkj Hkkjr esa fuosf'kr iw¡th dk izcU/k oLrqr% Hkkjrh; turk dh ywV ls Hkkjr esa ,d= djds fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj fQj mls fczVsu dh vksj ls Hkkjr dh turk ij dtZ ds :i esa ntZ dj fy;k x;kA ftl ij mYVs Hkkjr dks C;kt vkSj ykHkka'k Hkh nsuk iM+kA vr% fczfV'k lkekzT; us Hkkjr esa bl egktuh iw¡th ds :i esa 'kks"k.k dh izfdz;k tkjh dhA
¼4½ d`f"k ij tula[;k dk c<+rk Hkkj
vFkZO;oLFkk ds rhuksa {ks=ksa] ;Fkk&d`f"k m|ksxksa ,oa fofuekZ.k rFkk lsok dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk, rks dgk tk ldrk gS fd m|ksx ,oa fofuekZ.k rFkk lsok {ks= esa tula[;k dk Hkkj tSls&tSls c<+rk tkrk gS] oSls&oSls fodkl dh xfr Hkh rst gksrh tkrh gSA vFkkZr~ d`f"k ls vU; {ks=ksa esa tula[;k dk vUrj.k fodkl dk lwpd ekuk tkrk gS vkSj bl vk/kkj ij Hkh ns”k ds vkfFkZd fodkl dk vuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk gSA fczfV'k dkyhu Hkkjr esa bldk lgh vkadyu djus dk 1881 ls iwoZ dksbZ Bksl vkf/kdkfjd nLrkost ugha izkIr gksrk gS] ijUrq fofHkUu oDro;ksa ,oa ladyuksa ds vk/kkj ij lgh fLFkfr rd igq¡pk tk ldrk gSAHkkjr esa 1757 dh Iyklh dh yM+kbZ ds ckn vaxzsth 'kklu us gLr&f'kfYi;ksa dk fouk'k izkjEHk dj fn;kA dqN fo)kuksa dk rks ;g dguk gS fd 18oha “krkCnh ds e?; rd Hkkjrh; tqykgksa ,oa dkjhxjksa dh gfM~M;ksa ls Hkkjr ds eSnku lQsn dj fn, x,A vr% xzkeh.k leqnk; dk tks ijEijkxr /ka/kk vkthfodk dk lk/ku Fkk] mldks NksM+dj yksx d`f"k ij iqu% vkfJr gksus yxs vkSj d`f"k ij tula[;k dk Hkkj c<+rk pyk x;kA ;|fi vaxzsth 'kklu dky esa m|ksxksa ,oa lsokvksa dk foLrkj ,oa fodkl gqvk] ysfdu og e'khujhd`r fodkl Fkk ftldk ykHk ;wjksiokfl;ksa dks vf/kd feykA xzkeh.k tula[;k tks d`f"k esa yxh] mldk vUrj bu {ks=ksa esa ugha gqvkA ;fn f}rh;d ,oa r`rh;d {ks=ksa ds foLrkj ds ckotwn Hkh d`f"k ij tula[;k dk Hkkj de u gks rks ;g ekuuk xyr gksxk fd vFkZO;oLFkk xfrghurk ,oa vYi&fodkl dh fLFkfr esa gSA 1881 dh tux.kuk ds ckn ls tks vf/kdkfjd vkadM+s izkIr gq,] muls ;g izrhr gksrk gS fd tula[;k dk O;kolkf;d forj.k ;k rks vifjofrZr ;k foijhr fn'kk esa izHkkfor gqvkA 1881 esa d`f"k] ou ,oa eRL; O;olk; esa 74 izfr'kr ¼dsoy d`f"k esa 61 izfr’kr½ tula[;k vkfJr Fkh] ;kuh d`f"k&lgk;d fdz;kvksa ij fuHkZjrk 79 izfr'kr Fkh vkSj fofuekZ.k] [kuu ,oa fuekZ.k esa 1881 esa 18 izfr'kr tula[;k fuHkZj Fkh tks 1901 esa ?kVdj 16 izfr'kr vkSj 1911&1931 rd 15 izfr'kr ij fLFkj jghA bl izdkj ;g fl) gksrk gS fd fczfV'k 'kkludky esa d`f"k ls tula[;k dk vUrj.k vU; {ks=ksa esa gksus ds ctk, d`f"k ij gh c<+rk Fkk tks fd vYifodflr dk lwpd gSA
¼5½ d`f"k dh [kjkc n’kk
fczfV'k lkezkT; ds 'kklu dky esa d`f"k dh n'kk cn ls cnŸkj gksrh pyh x;hA eqxy 'kklu dky esa d`f"k esa tks dqN FkksM+k&cgqr lq/kkj fd;k x;k Fkk] bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh us mls Hkh ugha cjdjkj j[kkA flapkbZ dh lqfo/kk gsrq lkezkT;okn ds le; esa dksbZ iz;kl ugha fd;k x;kA ,d rjQ rks Hkkjrh; d`f"k esa ijEijkxr rjhds ls d`f"k dk;Z gks jgk Fkk] nwljh rjQ vdkyksa dh vf/kdrk FkhA bl dky esa d`f"k dk Lo:Ik dsoy thou fuokZg dk Fkk] u fd O;kolkf;d( vkSj ;fn dgha —f"k dk O;kolkf;d :Ik viuk;k Hkh x;k rks mldk ykHk fdlkuksa dks ugha fey ik;kA ;gk¡ ij flapkbZ lqfo/kkvksa dh leqfpr O;oLFkk u gksus ds dkj.k ekulwu dh fodjkyrk ds dkj.k xjhc turk Hkq[kejh ds dxkj ij [kM+h FkhA caxky ds 1790 ds vdky esa yxHkx ,d djksM+ yksxksa dh e`R;q gqbZ FkhA vkj0lh0 nŸk us Hkkjrh; fdlkuksa dh cqjh vkfFkZd n'kk ds fy, bu vdkyksa dks Hkh mŸkjnk;h Bgjk;k FkkA lcls pkSdk nsus okyh ckr rks ;g Fkh fd vdky ds le; Hkkjr ls fczVsu dks vukt dk fu;kZr fd;k x;kA
blds vfrfjDr Hkkjrh; —f"k dh xfrghurk ,oa [kjkc n'kk dk dkj.k Hkw&jktLo ,oa Hkwfe dh O;oLFkk FkhA tehankjh izFkk —f"k dks vkSj vf/kd cckZnh dh vksj ys x;hA ,d rjQ rks euekuk yxku olwy djuk ,oa fdlkuksa ij vR;kpkj Fkk] nwljh vksj —f"k O;oLFkk esa dksbZ lq/kkj ugha fd;k x;kA vdky ds le; Hkh flapkbZ lEcU/kh lqfo/kkvksa ds fodkl ,oa foLrkj dh dksbZ O;oLFkk ugha dh x;hA bl izdkj Hkkjrh; —f"k vius ijEijkxr —f"k rjhdksa dks viukrs gq,] 'kks"k.kdkjh izo`fŸk;ksa dks lgu djrs gq, misf{kr n’kk esa cuha jgh tks fd vFkZO;oLFkk ds vYifodkl dk ,d dkj.k fl) gqbZA
¼6½ xzkeks|ksx ,oa gLrf’kYi dk iru
Hkkjr esa vaxzstksa ds vkxeu ds iwoZ Hkkjr dk vkS|ksfxd
Hkkjr esa dSfydks] eyey vkSj nwljh lwrh oL=ksa dk fu;kZr tks 1840&41 esa 91 yk[k 72 gtkj :Ik, dk Fkk] og 1850&51 esa ?kVdj 76 gtkj :i, dk jg x;kA nwljh vksj dPps eky dk fu;kZr 1857 vkSj 1872 ds chp 34 izfr’kr ls c<+dj 61 izfr'kr gks x;kA 1840&1872 rd dh vof/k esa Hkkjrh; m|ksxksa dk fujUrj àkl gksrk jgk ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i csjkstxkjh dh la[;k esa yxkrkj o`f) gqbZ vkSj nlksa yk[k yksx csjkstxkj gks x,A 1872 ls 1921 rd dh yxHkx ipkl o"kksZa dh bl vof/k esa m|ksxksa ds fouk'k dk flyflyk vkSj rst gks x;k] D;ksafd bl vof/k esa jsyksa ds fodkl ls Hkkjr ds cktkjksa esa fosns”kh eky vklkuh ls igq¡pus yxk vkSj izfrLi)kZ ls Hkkjrh; m|ksxksa dks u"V djus esa fczfV'k lkezkT; dh uhfr lQy gks x;hA e'khuksa ls pyus okys fons”kh m|ksxksa ds fo:) vleku la?k"kZ esa Hkkjrh; nLrdkjh m|ksx dks gkj ekuuh iM+hA Hkkjrh; m|ksxksa dk fouk'k cM+s gh dzwj rjhds ls fd;k x;k FkkA 1813 esa lj Vkej equjks us yksdlHkk lfefr ds lkeus xokgh nh Fkh fd] cM+kegy esa dEiuh ds ukSdjksa us eq[; tqykgksa dks ,d= fd;k vkSj ,d xkjn dh lgk;rk ls mUgsa dSn dj fy;k vkSj rd rd dSn j[kk tc rd fd mUgksaus dsoy dEiuh dks gh eky nsus dk ok;nk ugha fd;kA ß Hkkjr ds izfl) bfrgkldkj ,p0,p0 foylu us fy[kk gS fd Þv/khu cukus okys ns”k ds }kjk Hkkjr dks igq¡pkbZ x;h nq%[ktud gkfu ,d mnkgj.k gSA 1813 dh dEiuh dh xokgfg;ksa esa Hkkjrh; eky ij 'kqYd yxk, x,] og eSupsLVj dh feyksa dks pkyw djus ds fy, FkkA ;fn Hkkjrh; lwrh ,oa js'keh eky ij fu"ks/kkRed 'kqYd vkSj vkKk,¡ u tkjh dh tkrha rks eSuspsLVj dh feys cUn gks tkrhAß
bl izdkj lkezkT;okn us Hkkjrh; vkS|ksfxd <+k¡ps dks cjckn djds fczVsu dh vkS|ksfxd dzkfUr dks lQy cuk;kA Hkkjr dk vkfFkZd <+k¡pk rksM+ Mkyk vkSj baXyS.M ds vkS|ksfxd lkekuksa us Hkkjrh; cktkj ij /kkok cksy fn;kA ijUrq nwljh vksj ;g Hkh ,d etcwr rdZ fn;k tkrk gS fd fczfV'k vkS|ksfxd iw¡th us vk/kqfud Hkkjrh; m|ksxksa dks ,d u;k vk;ke fn;kA ysfdu Hkkjrh; vkS|ksfxd vlarqfyr FkkA fQj Hkh mlus yxHkx ,d dzkfUrdkjh Hkwfedk vnk dhA mlus gekjh vFkZO;oLFkk ds Lo:Ik dks jk"Vªh; rFkk laxfBr cuk fn;k vkSj ;g mldh otg ls vkfFkZd fodkl lEHko gqvkA Hkkjrh; iw¡thifr oxZ vkSj Hkkjrh; loZgkjk oxZ&lkekftd fodkl ykus okyh tqM+ok 'kfDr;ksa dk mn; blh uoksfnr vkS|ksfxd rFkk iw¡thoknh foLrkj dk gh ifj.kke FkkA
3-3 Hkkjr esa csjkstxkjh dh fLFkfr
lu~ 1947 esa Hkkjr LorU= gqvk fdUrq mls fojklr esa vusd vkfFkZd leL;k,¡ feyh ftuesa csjkstxkjh dh leL;k izeq[k FkhA Hkkjr esa csdkjh ds nks Lo:Ik ns[kus dks dks feyrs gSa& izFke] os csdkj O;fDr tks iw.kZr;k csdkj gSa] vFkkZr~ o"kZHkj vf/kdka'k le; esa muds ikl dksbZ dk;Z ugha jgrk] nwljs] os O;fDr ftUgsa —f"k ,oa xzkeks|ksx esa viw.kZ jkstxkj izkIr gksrk gS ftls vn`’; csdkjh dgrs gSaA blds lkFk gh csjkstxkjh dh nks {ks=ksa ;Fkk&uxjh; ,oa xzkeh.k csjkstxkjh oxhZ—r fd;k tk ldrk gSA ftlls fd nksuksa {ks=ksa dh leL;kvksa dks vyx&vyx igpkuk tk ldsA gekjs ns”k esa csjkstxkjh lEcU/kh vk¡dM+ksa dh ;kstuk vk;ksx us Hkh Lohdkjk gS vkSj mlh vk/kkj ij csjkstxkjh ds vuqeku izLrqr fd, gSaA
ns”k esa jkstxkj l`tu ds ;kstukc) iz;klksa csjkstxkjh dh ek=k esa cgqr vf/kd o`f) gqbZA csjkstxkjh ds dzec) ,oa flyflysokj vk¡dM+s arks miyC/k ugha gSa] ijUrq b/kj&m/kj fc[kjs gq, lkfgR; ls tks vk¡dM+sa izkIr gSa muls fu'p; gh csjkstxkjh dh ek=k ,oa o`f) nj dh izo`fŸk dk vkHkkl feyrk gSA ftls fuEu rkfydk 3-1 esa n'kkZ;k x;k gS%&
rkfydk 1-1
Hkkjr esa Je’kfDr ,oa jkstxkj
Ok"kZ
Je’kfDr
jkstxkj
csjkstxkjh
Cksjkstxkjh nj ¼izfr’kr½
1951
1956
1961
1966
1978
1983
1994
1992&97
1997&02
2002&07
185-2
197-0
215-0
220-0
255-8
286-6
368-5
374-2
423-4
478-7
181-9
191-7
207-9
210-4
249-1
281-2
361-5
367-2
416-4
474-7
3-3
5-3
7-1
9-6
6-7
5-4
7-0
7-0
7-0
4-1
1-80
2-70
3-30
4-30
2-63
1-89
1-89
1-87
1-66
0-86
rkfydk 1-1 ls Li"V gS fd o"kZ 1951 esa csjkstxkjh dh dqy la[;k 3-3 fefy;u Fkh tks 1961 esa c<+dj 7-1 fefy;u gks x;h vkSj jkstxkj l`tu iz;klksa esa lQyrk ds ckotwn Hkh csjkstxkjh dh ek=k 20oha lnh ds vUr rd 7 fefy;u ds vkl&ikl cuh jghA ijUrq ;g izR;k'kk O;Dr dh x;h gS fd o"kZ 2007 rd ;g ?kVdj 4-1 fefy;u jg tk,xhA blh izdkj o"kZ 1951 esa tgk¡ csjkstxkjh dh nj 1-8 izfr'kr Fkh ogha 1996 esa c<+dj 4-3 izfr’kr gks x;h vkSj 1997 ds ckn ls fxjkoV 'kq: gqbZ tks 1997&02 esa ?kVdj 1-6 izfr'kr jg x;hA nloha ¼2002&07½ ;kstuk esa csjkstxkjh dh nj ?kVdj 0-86 izfr'kr jg x;h gSA
rkfydk la[;k& 1-2

nloha d{kk ls de f’kf{kr jkstxkj
o’kZ
iathd`r
csjkstxkj dh la[;k
deh@o`f) izfr”kr
1999&2000
13612
&
2000&2001
12752
&6-32
2001&2002
10150
&20-4
2002&2003
11516
13-45
2003&2004
9736
&15-45
2004&2005
5314
&45-41
2005&2006
7982
50-20
2006&2007
7731
&3-14
2007&2008
7788
0-73
2008&09
7019
&9-87
rkfydk la[;k& 1-2 ls Li’V gS fd o’kZ 1999&2000 esa dqy iathd`r csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k 13612 Fkh] tcfd o’kZ 2008&09 esa ;g ?kVdj 7019 jh x;hA mijksDr rkfydk ds voyksdu ls ;g izrhr gks jgk gS fd nloha d{kk ls de f”kf{kr csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa vR;kf/kd mrkj&p<+ko gqvkA csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k lcls de o’kZ 2006&2007 esa 3-14 izfr”kr jgh] tcfd lcls vf/kd o`f) o’kZ 2005&2006 esa 50-20 izfr”kr jghA
rkfydk la[;k& 1-3
nloha d{kk ikl csjkstxkj
o’kZ
iathd`r
csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k
deh@o`f) izfr”kr
1999&2000
5981
&
2000&2001
5949
&0-53
2001&2002
5815
&2-25
2002&2003
5668
&2-52
2003&2004
5820
2-68
2004&2005
5605
&3-69
2005&2006
5286
&5-69
2006&2007
5336
0-94
2007&2008
5128
&3-89
2008&2009
4228
&17-55
rkfydk la[;k& 1-3 ls ;g Li’V gS fd o’kZ 1999&2000 esa dqy csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k 5981 Fkh] tcfd o’kZ 2008&2009 esa ?kVdj 4228 gks x;hA csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa lcls de deh o’kZ 2008&2009 esa 17-55 izfr”kr jgh] tcfd nloha ikl csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa lcls vf/kd o`f) o’kZ 1999&2000 esa FkhA mijksDr rkfydk ls ;g izrhr gksrk gS fd nloha ikl csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa mrkj&p<+ko pyrk jgk gSA
rkfydk la[;k& 1-4
ckjgoha d{kk ikl csjkstxkj
o’kZ
csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k
deh@o`f) izfr”kr
1999&2000
6767
&
2000&2001
7444
10-00
2001&2002
7673
3-00
2002&2003
5740
&25-19
2003&2004
7871
37-12
2004&2005
6454
&18-00
2005&2006
5518
&14-50
2006&2007
6057
9-56
2007&2008
6229
2-83
2008&2009
5502
&11-67
rkfydk la[;k& 1-4 ls Li’V gS fd o’kZ 1999&2000 esa ckjgoha d{kk ikl csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k 6767 Fkh] tks fd o’kZ 2008&2009 esa esa ?kVdj 5502 gks x;hA mijksDr rkfydk ds v/;;u ls Kkr gksrk gS fd f”kf{kr csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa vR;kf/kd mrkj&p<+ko gqvk gSA csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa lcls vf/kd o`f) o’kZ 2003&2004 esa 37-12 izfr”kr jgh] tcfd lcls de deh izfr”kr okyk o’kZ 2008&2009 gS] ftlesa csjkstxkjh dh la[;k 11-67 izfr”kr jghA
rkfydk la[;k& 1-5
Lukrd csjkstxkj
o’kZ
Cksjkstxkjksa dh la[;k
deh@o`f) izfr”kr
1999&2000
3071
&
2000&2001
3717
21-00
2001&2002
3848
3-52
2002&2003
5102
32-58
2003&2004
4449
&12-79
2004&2005
4143
&6-74
2005&2006
6981
68-50
2006&2007
11490
64-58
2007&2008
12004
4-47
2008&2009
11495
&4-24
rkfydk la[;k& 1-5 ls Li’V gS fd o’kZ 1999&2000 esa Lukrd csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k 3071 Fkh] tcfd o’kZ 2008&2009 esa ;g la[;k c<+dj 11495 gks x;hA
lkfj.kh ds }kjk Li’V gS fd Lukrd csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa mrkj&p<+ko gksrk jgkA csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa lcls vf/kd o`f) o’kZ 2007&2008 esa gqbZ D;ksafd o’kZ 2006&2007 esa rRdkyhu eq[;ea=h Jh eqyk;e flag ;kno }kjk Lukrd csjkstxkjksa dks 500@& :i;k izfrekg csjkstxkjh HkŸkk fn;k x;k FkkA tcfd lcls de deh o’kZ 1999&2000 esa jgh FkhA
rkfydk la[;k& 1-6
ijkLukrd csjkstxkj
o’kZ
csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k
deh@o`f) izfr”kr
1999&2000
516
&
2000&2001
718
39-14
2001&2002
736
2-50
2002&2003
751
2-00
2003&2004
1220
62-45
2004&2005
1174
&3-77
2005&2006
2103
79-13
2006&2007
3598
68-23
2007&2008
3547
0-25
2008&2009
3240
&8-65
rkfydk la[;k& 1-6 ls ;g Li’V gS fd o’kZ 1999&2000 esa dqy iathd`r csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k 516 Fkh] tcfd o’kZ 2008&2009 esa ;g la[;k c<+dj 3240 gks x;h gSA
mijksDr lkfj.kh ls iznf”kZr gks jgk gS fd ijkLukrd f”kf{kr csjkstxkjska dh la[;k o’kZ nj o’kZ ?kVrh&c<+rh jghA csjkstxkjksa dh la[;k esa lcls de deh o’kZ 1999&2000 esa jgh tcfd lcls vf/kd o’kZ 2007&2008 esa 0-25 izfr”kr jghA